Difference in processing technology between soybean, sesame, peanut and rice bran oil production line – rapeseed and soybean oil refining production line
Differences in Production Processes
Differences in Production Processes for Sesame, Rice Bran, Rapeseed, Peanut, and Soybean Oil Production Lines
The refining equipment for sesame oil, rice bran oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, and soybean oil differs in terms of process flow and equipment configuration. This is primarily due to variations in raw material characteristics, impurity content, and target product quality.
Degumming Equipment
Soybean Oil: Hydration degumming is commonly used. This method leverages the affinity between water and phospholipids; through heating and agitation, the phospholipids absorb water, coagulate, and precipitate.
Equipment: Hydration reaction tank, centrifuge.
Peanut Oil:
Contains relatively low levels of phospholipids, making the degumming process simpler; acid degumming or enzymatic degumming can be used. Equipment: Acid degumming reaction tank, enzymatic reaction tank, centrifuge.
Sesame Oil:
Rice bran oil has a high gum content, requiring an enhanced degumming process; acid degumming combined with hydration degumming is commonly used.
Equipment: Acid refining reactor, hydration reactor, centrifuge.
Deacidification Equipment
Soybean oil: With a low acid value, physical refining (distillation deacidification) is generally used. Equipment: Distillation deacidification tower, vacuum system.
Peanut oil: With a moderate acid value, either physical refining or chemical refining (alkali refining for acid removal) can be selected.
Equipment: Distillation deacidification tower or alkali refining reactor, vacuum system.
Sesame oil: With a relatively high acid value, physical refining is typically used to reduce refining costs and oil loss.
Equipment: Distillation deacidification tower, vacuum system.
Decoloring Equipment
Soybean oil: Low pigment content; the decoloring process is relatively simple.
Equipment: Decoloring tower, clay mixer, filter.
Peanut oil: Darker pigment; requires an enhanced decoloring process using activated clay or activated carbon.
Equipment: Decoloring tower, clay mixer, filter.
Sesame oil: High pigment and impurity content; requires a longer decoloring time and more adsorbents.
Equipment: Decolorization tower, clay mixer, filter.
Deodorization Equipment
Common Equipment: All utilize high-temperature vacuum distillation for deodorization.
Equipment: Deodorization tower, vacuum system, heat exchanger.
Differences:
Sesame oil:
Due to the presence of a distinctive off-odor, deodorization temperature and duration may need to be adjusted to ensure complete removal of the off-odor.
Peanut oil: Care must be taken to preserve the characteristic aroma of peanut oil by carefully controlling deodorization conditions.
De-waxing Equipment
Soybean oil and peanut oil: Low wax content generally does not require specialized de-waxing equipment.
Sesame oil: High wax content affects oil clarity and low-temperature fluidity, so de-waxing is necessary.
Equipment: Crystallization tanks, filters.
Other Special Equipment
Sesame Oil: Since rice bran oil is prone to oxidation, equipment for adding antioxidants may be required to extend the product’s shelf life.
The following are the main differences in production line equipment for soybean, peanut, and rice bran oils:
Pre-processing Equipment
Soybeans: Cleaning equipment: Vibrating screens, density separators.
Crushing and softening equipment: Crushers and softening kettles to regulate moisture and temperature.
Flaking equipment: Flaking machines to press soybeans into thin flakes, facilitating oil extraction.
Peanuts:
Shelling equipment: Peanut shellers to remove the outer shells.
Cleaning equipment: Vibrating screens and magnetic separators to remove impurities.
Crushing and Flaking Equipment: Crushers and flaking machines, for processing peanut kernels.
Rice Bran:
Cleaning Equipment: Screening equipment, to remove impurities such as rice husks and broken grains.
Conditioning Equipment: Adjusts the moisture content of rice bran to prepare it for subsequent processing.
Oil Extraction Equipment
Soybeans:
Primarily uses the solvent extraction process, employing an extractor to extract oil using solvents.
Peanuts:
Pressing process: Screw oil presses are used to directly press out the oil.
Solvent extraction process: The pressed cake is subjected to solvent extraction to improve oil yield.
Rice bran: The solvent extraction process is typically used, as the low oil content in rice bran makes pressing inefficient.
Refining Equipment
Common Equipment:
Degumming, neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization equipment to remove impurities and improve oil quality.
Differences:
Rice bran oil: Requires more complex dewaxing equipment due to its higher wax content.
Peanut oil: Sometimes requires removal of specific flavor compounds to meet consumer preferences.
Other Equipment
Peanuts: May require peanut shell processing equipment for comprehensive utilization.
Rice Bran: Rice bran drying equipment to control moisture and prevent mold growth. Residue processing equipment to handle rice bran residue after extraction.
Summary: Equipment differences primarily stem from raw material characteristics, oil content, and processing requirements. Selecting appropriate equipment is crucial for improving oil yield, oil quality, and economic efficiency.
Soybean Oil: The refining process is relatively simple, focusing on removing phospholipids and mild decoloration and deodorization.
Peanut Oil: Attention must be paid to decoloration and the treatment of flavor compounds to preserve the oil’s color and distinctive aroma.
Sesame Oil: The refining process is complex, requiring enhanced degumming, neutralization, decoloration, and dewaxing processes to remove high levels of impurities and off-flavors.
These differences reflect the professionalism and flexibility of refining equipment in process selection and configuration tailored to the characteristics of different oilseeds, ensuring the quality and market competitiveness of the final product.